Caustic soda(NaOH) yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman kayan abinci na sinadarai, tare da jimlar samar da 106t na shekara-shekara. Ana amfani da NaOH a cikin sinadarai na kwayoyin halitta, a cikin samar da aluminum, a cikin masana'antun takarda, a cikin masana'antar sarrafa abinci, a cikin kera kayan wanka, da dai sauransu. Caustic soda shine haɗin gwiwar samar da chlorine, 97% yana ɗauka. wuri ta hanyar electrolysis na sodium chloride.
Caustic soda yana da tasiri mai tasiri akan yawancin kayan ƙarfe, musamman a yanayin zafi da yawa. An san shi na dogon lokaci, duk da haka, cewa nickel yana nuna kyakkyawan juriya na lalata ga soda caustic a kowane taro da yanayin zafi, kamar yadda Hoto 1 ya nuna. Bugu da kari, sai dai a yanayi mai yawan gaske da yanayin zafi, nickel ba shi da kariya daga fashewar damuwa-lalata. Don haka ana amfani da ma'aunin ma'aunin nickel alloy 200 (EN 2.4066 / UNS N02200) da alloy 201 (EN 2.4068 / UNS N02201) a waɗannan matakan samar da soda, waɗanda ke buƙatar mafi girman juriya na lalata. Cathodes a cikin tantanin halitta da ake amfani da su a cikin tsarin membrane ana yin su da zanen nickel kuma. Raka'o'in da ke ƙasa don tattara barasa suma an yi su ne da nickel. Suna aiki bisa ga ka'idar evaporation mai matakai da yawa galibi tare da faɗuwar masu fitar da fim. A cikin waɗannan raka'a ana amfani da nickel a cikin nau'i na bututu ko zanen bututu don masu musayar zafin zafin da aka rigaya, a matsayin zanen gado ko faranti don raka'o'in ƙayataccen iska, kuma a cikin bututu don ɗaukar maganin soda caustic. Dangane da yawan kwararar ruwa, lu'ulu'u na caustic soda (supersaturated bayani) na iya haifar da yashwa a kan bututun musayar zafi, wanda ya sa ya zama dole don maye gurbin su bayan lokacin aiki na shekaru 2-5. Ana amfani da tsarin faɗuwa-fim don samar da mai mai da hankali sosai, soda caustic. A cikin tsarin fim ɗin da Bertrams ya ƙera, narkakken gishiri a zafin jiki na kusan 400 ° C ana amfani da shi azaman matsakaicin dumama. Anan bututun da aka yi da ƙarancin carbon nickel alloy 201 (EN 2.4068 / UNS N02201) yakamata a yi amfani da su saboda a yanayin zafi sama da 315 ° C (600 ° F) mafi girman abun ciki na carbon na daidaitaccen allo na nickel 200 (EN 2.4066 / UNS N02200) ) zai iya haifar da hazo graphite a iyakokin hatsi.
Nickel shine kayan aikin da aka fi so na ginawa don masu fitar da soda inda ba za a iya amfani da ƙarfe na austenitic ba. A gaban ƙazanta irin su chlorates ko sulfur mahadi - ko lokacin da ake buƙatar ƙarin ƙarfi - ana amfani da kayan da ke ɗauke da chromium kamar alloy 600 L (EN 2.4817 / UNS N06600) a wasu lokuta. Hakanan babban abin sha'awa ga mahallin caustic shine babban chromium mai ɗauke da gami 33 (EN 1.4591 / UNS R20033). Idan za a yi amfani da waɗannan kayan, dole ne a tabbatar da cewa yanayin aiki ba zai iya haifar da lalata-lalata ba.
Alloy 33 (EN 1.4591 / UNS R20033) yana nuna kyakkyawan juriya na lalata a cikin 25 da 50% NaOH har zuwa wurin tafasa kuma a cikin 70% NaOH a 170 ° C. Wannan alloy kuma ya nuna kyakkyawan aiki a cikin gwaje-gwajen filin a cikin shuka wanda aka fallasa ga caustic soda daga tsarin diaphragm.39 Hoto na 21 yana nuna wasu sakamako game da ƙaddamar da wannan barasa mai haɗari na diaphragm, wanda aka gurbata da chlorides da chlorates. Har zuwa maida hankali na 45% NaOH, kayan gami 33 (EN 1.4591 / UNS R20033) da nickel alloy 201 (EN 2.4068 / UNS N2201) suna nuna juriya mai kama da juna. Tare da ƙara yawan zafin jiki da haɗuwa gami 33 ya zama ma fi juriya fiye da nickel. Don haka, sakamakon babban abun ciki na chromium gami 33 da alama yana da fa'ida don ɗaukar maganin caustic tare da chlorides da hypochlorite daga tsarin diaphragm ko tsarin sel na mercury.
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-21-2022